Author: Rahul

The cat command in Linux is a simple yet powerful tool that is used to view and manipulate text files. It is short for “concatenate,” which means to combine or link together. The cat command has a variety of uses, from displaying the contents of a file to combining multiple files into a single file. In this article, we’ll cover 11 practical examples of the cat command in Linux, so you can get the most out of this versatile tool. Syntax The syntax for the cat command in Linux is as follows:

Where: [OPTION] is an optional argument that…

The sleep command is a simple command-line utility that pauses the execution of a script or process for a specified amount of time. This can be useful in a variety of scenarios, such as waiting for a process to complete, or automating tasks that need to be performed at regular intervals. The sleep command takes a single argument, which is the number of seconds that you want to pause the execution of your script or process. In this article, we’ll explore some common use cases of the sleep command in Linux. Syntax sleep NUMBER[SUFFIX]… Here the NUMBER can be a…

In this tutorial, we’ll cover 20 of the most essential Linux commands that every system administrator should know. These commands are the building blocks of many common tasks, and with a good understanding of them, you’ll be able to accomplish a lot on your Linux servers. What is a Command? A Linux command is a set of instructions or operations that can be executed in the command-line interface (CLI) of a Linux operating system. Linux commands are used to perform various tasks on a Linux system, such as managing files and directories, managing system processes, configuring the system, and much…

The tail command in Linux is a powerful tool used for displaying the end of a file. By default, it displays the last 10 lines of a file, but this can be modified by specifying a different number of lines to display. The tail command is often used to monitor log files, debug applications, or view the contents of a file in real time. Syntax The basic syntax for using the tail command is as follows:

where options are any optional flags or parameters that modify the behavior of the tail command, and the file is the name of…

An Orphan Process is a process that has lost its parent process, which normally takes care of cleaning up the process’s resources. In Unix/Linux, when a parent process terminates, its child processes become Orphan processes and are adopted by the init process, which becomes the new parent. Here’s a step-by-step guide to understanding and handling Orphan processes in Unix/Linux: Identifying Orphan Processes: To identify Orphan processes, you can use the ps command and look for processes with a parent process ID (PPID) of 1, which is the init process. For example: ps -eo pid,ppid,cmd | grep ‘^[ ]*[0-9]*[ ]*1’ Understanding…

Secure Shell (SSH) is a protocol used to remotely log into a Linux system and execute commands on it. It provides a secure encrypted connection between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. System administrators often use SSH to remotely manage servers. Displaying a warning message to unauthorized SSH access is an important step in securing your Linux system. A warning message can inform users of security policies, warn them of the consequences of unauthorized access, and provide important information about the system they are accessing. In this article, we will guide you through the process of setting a custom…

Secure Shell (SSH) is a protocol used to remotely log into a Linux system and execute commands on it. SSH provides a secure encrypted connection between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. It is commonly used by system administrators to remotely manage servers. One way to secure an SSH connection is by setting a custom SSH warning banner and Message of the Day (MOTD) in Linux. A warning banner is displayed when a user logs into the system using SSH, and the MOTD is displayed after the user logs in. In this article, we will guide you through the…

Reverse DNS, also known as rDNS, is a system that maps an IP address to a hostname. Unlike traditional DNS (Domain Name System), which maps a hostname to an IP address, rDNS performs the reverse process, providing an extra layer of information about the owner and location of a particular IP address. In this article, you will understand reverse DNS records, and why it is useful. Why Does Reverse DNS Matter? A reverse DNS record plays an important role in email delivery, security, network management, and many others: Email delivery: Reverse DNS is an important aspect of email delivery as…

Journalctl is a command-line utility for viewing system logs in Linux distributions that use Systemd. It’s an essential tool for system administrators to diagnose problems, monitor system performance, and track changes to the system. However, journal logs can consume large amounts of disk space, especially if they are not managed properly. In this article, we will explain how to automate the process of cleaning up journal logs in Linux systems using journalctl and cron. Before proceeding, it’s important to understand that journal logs contain important information that can help diagnose problems. It’s recommended to keep a few weeks’ worth of…

The Mate desktop is a popular and lightweight graphical user interface (GUI) for Linux systems. It provides a traditional and easy-to-use interface that can run on both high-end and low-end computers. If you’re looking to install the Mate desktop on Debian 11, this guide will walk you through the process step by step. Before getting started, it is recommended to back up any important data and files as the installation process may cause changes to your system. Additionally, ensure that your system is updated to the latest version and that you have administrative access to the computer. Step 1: Install…