Author: Rahul

SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) is a secure file protocol used to access, manage, and transfer files over an encrypted SSH transport session. Security first is an thumb rules for the system administrators. Some times you may need to provide FTP/SFTP access to development or other teams to access file on remote server. This will allow you a secure channel to provide limited access to specific files and directories. This tutorial will help you to create SFTP only user (without ssh shell access) on Ubuntu systems. And restrict (chroot) the SFT user account to specific directory only. Also disable the…

Docker compose is an useful tool for managing multiple docker containers. It helps us to launch, update and build a group of docker containers with single commands. In case of multi container application, docker compose helped us to manage it easier. This tutorial helps you to install Docker compose on a Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Linux system. Prerequisites A system running Ubuntu 20.04. Pre-installed Docker service on Ubuntu 20.04. Terminal access with sudo privileged account. Install Docker Compose on Ubuntu Docker compose binary is available on official Github release. Use curl command line tool to download docker compose binary and place…

Laravel is a powerful PHP framework used for building web applications. Debugging is an essential part of the development process, and Laravel provides a robust set of debugging tools that can help developers identify and fix issues in their code. In this article, we’ll walk through the steps to enable debug mode in Laravel. Step 1: Set the APP_DEBUG variable to true The first step to enabling debug mode in Laravel is to set the APP_DEBUG variable to true in your Laravel application’s .env file. The .env file is where you store your environment variables for your Laravel application. To…

Changing the SSH port is a security measure that can help protect your system from automated attacks that target the default SSH port (port 22). When attackers scan the internet for vulnerable systems, they often focus on the default SSH port to try to gain access to the system. By changing the SSH port, you can make it harder for attackers to find and target your system. This is because the attacker would need to scan a wider range of ports to find the new SSH port, which makes the scanning process slower and less efficient. In this article, we…

Over time, your Laravel project may accumulate a host of packages installed via Composer that are no longer needed. As part of maintaining a clean and efficient codebase, it is essential to know how to remove these unnecessary packages. This article provides a detailed guide on how to accomplish this task. What is Laravel? Before we delve into the intricacies of package removal, let’s quickly refresh our understanding of Laravel. Laravel is an open-source PHP framework, which aids in the development of web applications following the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern. It offers a clean and elegant syntax and is packed…

Cron jobs are invaluable tools in Unix-like operating systems that allow system administrators and users to schedule specific tasks at predefined times. However, without proper management, they can unintentionally cause clutter in the root directory. This article aims to explore best practices to prevent cron jobs from writing files to the root directory and maintain a cleaner, more organized system. Understanding Cron Jobs Cron is a time-based job scheduler in Unix-like operating systems. Users can schedule jobs (scripts or commands) to run at specific times, interval or on specific days. These scheduled tasks are known as cron jobs. A cron…

The collation utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci is a character set collation for MySQL databases, introduced in MySQL 8.0.1. It is based on the Unicode Collation Algorithm (UCA) 9.0.0, and the character set is utf8mb4, which supports a wide range of Unicode characters. The “ai” in the collation name stands for “accent insensitive” and the “ci” stands for “case insensitive.” This means that comparisons between characters are done without considering differences in case or accents. If you are receiving an “Unknown collation” error, it may be because your MySQL server version is older than 8.0.1 and doesn’t support this collation. To fix this issue,…

Gulp is an open-source JavaScript toolkit developed by by Eric Schoffstall helps developers to automate & enhance there workflow. It is a good command-line task runner for Node.js applications. Gulp let us automate processes and run repetitive tasks with ease. It provides a feature of piping output from one task as an input to the next. This tutorial describes you to how to install Gulp on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Linux systems. Step 1 – Installing Node.js First of all, you need to install node.js on your system. Use following set of commands to add node.js PPA in your Ubuntu system…

Puppet is an popular infrastructure management tool. With the help of Puppet server, you can easily manage a large number of servers from a master server. Puppet server node is responsible for managing multiple client node. Its necessary that all the client nodes must of Puppet Agent server installed and running. Our previous tutorial describes you to configure Puppet master node on a Ubuntu 20.04 system along with client node. If you need to add more client server to existing Puppet network, just install the Agent server on the server. This tutorial describes you step-by-step setup to install Puppet Agent…

Puppet is an open-source, automation admin engine used to perform administrative tasks and server management remotely. This tool is available on Linux, Unix, and Windows. This configuration management tool will help you automate the management and configuration of your server infrastructure. After following this tutorial, you should have fully set up Puppet master and client nodes on your Ubuntu systems. This tutorial help you to install and configure Puppet master and agent nodes on Ubuntu 20.04 Linux systems. Prerequisites You must have: Two or more running Ubuntu 20.04 systems, one for master and other clients. Shell access to all systems…