Magento 2 Codebase & Database Backup Script

This tutorial will help you to automate the Magento2 codebase and database backup process using a shell script. The script will perform automatic backups on a scheduled interval. The script also has the ability to remove older backups as per configuration.

Setup Magerun2

You need to download and configure the Magerun2 script on your system.

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wget https://files.magerun.net/n98-magerun2.phar
mv n98-magerun2.phar /usr/local/bin/n98-magerun2
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/n98-magerun2 

Download Shell Script

You can download Magento2 backup script from here. Alternativly, use below command to download script using wget command.

wget https://tecadmin.net/wp-content/downloads/scripts/magento2-backup.sh

You can also copy the script below and paste it in a file on your machine.

#!/bin/bash

#######################################################################################
##
##   Magento 2 database and codebase backup script
##   Written By: Rahul Kumar
##   Written on: Mar 06, 2020
##   Last Update: Mar 11, 2020
##
#######################################################################################

################## Modify below values  ###############################################


MAGENTO_DOCUMENT_ROOT="/var/www/magento2"
BACKUP_PATH="/var/www/magento2/var/backups"

BACKUP_RETAIN_DAYS=30     # Number of days to keep a local backup copy

GZIP="/bin/gzip"
RM="/bin/rm"
MKDIR="/bin/mkdir"
N98_MAGERUN2="/usr/local/bin/n98-magerun2"



#######################################################################################
##################              Do not change below values              ###############

export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin
TODAY="$(date "+%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M")"
CURRENT_BACKUP_DIR="${BACKUP_PATH}/${TODAY}"

#######################################################################################
##################              Functions               ###############################

exit_on_error(){
        echo -e "$@"
        exit 99
}

maintenance_mode(){
        ${N98_MAGERUN2} sys:maintenance ${1} --skip-root-check --root-dir=${MAGENTO_DOCUMENT_ROOT}
}

check_cmds(){
    [ ! -x ${GZIP} ] && exit_on_error "FILENAME $GZIP does not exists. Make sure correct path is set in config section."
    [ ! -x ${RM} ] && exit_on_error "FILENAME $RM does not exists. Make sure correct path is set in config section."
    [ ! -x ${MKDIR} ] && exit_on_error "FILENAME $MKDIR does not exists. Make sure correct path is set config section."
    [ ! -x ${N98_MAGERUN2} ] && exit_on_error "FILENAME $N98_MAGERUN2 does not exists. \nDownload script from https://files.magerun.net/ and Make sure correct path is set in config section."
}

create_backup_dir(){
        [ ! -d ${CURRENT_BACKUP_DIR} ] && ${MKDIR} -p ${CURRENT_BACKUP_DIR}
}

database_backup(){

        ${N98_MAGERUN2} --skip-root-check --root-dir=${MAGENTO_DOCUMENT_ROOT} db:dump ${CURRENT_BACKUP_DIR}/database-${TODAY}.sql

        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
                echo "Database backup successfully completed"
        else
                maintenance_mode --off    ##### Disable mainenence even database backup failed
                exit_on_error "Database backup failed. "
        fi
}



codebase_backup(){

        cd $MAGENTO_DOCUMENT_ROOT && \
        tar -cpzf ${CURRENT_BACKUP_DIR}/codebase-${TODAY}.tar.gz --exclude=var/* .

        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
                echo "Codebase backup successfully completed"
        else
                maintenance_mode --off    ##### Disable mainenence even codebase backup failed
                exit_on_error "Codebase backup failed. "
        fi
}


cleanup_old_backup(){

        REMOVE_DIR_NAME=`date "+%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M" --date="${BACKUP_RETAIN_DAYS} days ago"`

        if [ ! -z ${BACKUP_PATH} ]; then
                  cd ${BACKUP_PATH}
                  if [ ! -z ${REMOVE_DIR_NAME} ] && [ -d ${REMOVE_DIR_NAME} ]; then
                                rm -rf ${REMOVE_DIR_NAME}
                  fi
        fi
}

########################################################################################
##################              Main (Calling functions)           #####################

check_cmds
create_backup_dir
maintenance_mode --on
database_backup
codebase_backup
maintenance_mode --off
cleanup_old_backup


##########################################################################################
##################                      Script Ends Here                ##################
##########################################################################################

Schedule Backup Scrpt

Schedule this script using crontab on your system to run on a daily basis. Use below command to edit crontab configuration:

crontab -e

And add below entry at the end of file.

0 0 * * * sh magento2-backup.sh

Save file and close. You have successfully scheduled cronjob to run on 12:00 AM daily basis. To learn more about using the cronjob read this tutorial.