Zsh, or the Z Shell, is a powerful and flexible command-line shell for Unix-like operating systems, including Linux and macOS. It offers many features and improvements over the default bash shell, including improved command completion, spelling correction, and customizable prompts. In this article, we will learn how to install and configure Zsh on Ubuntu and Debian systems.
Some of the benefits of using ZSH over Bash include:
- Enhanced command completion: ZSH offers better command completion than Bash, including the ability to use tab completion for options and arguments.
- More powerful globbing: ZSH has a more powerful globbing (wildcard matching) system than Bash, which allows you to use more complex patterns to match file names.
- Better syntax highlighting: ZSH includes built-in syntax highlighting for various programming languages, making it easier to read and write code.
- Improved history management: ZSH has a better history management system than Bash, allowing you to more easily search and navigate your command history more.
- Additional features: ZSH includes a number of additional features that are not available in Bash, such as the ability to customize the prompt and to use plug-ins and themes to further customize the shell environment.
Prerequisites
Before we start, make sure you have the following prerequisites:
- A Ubuntu or Debian system.
- A user account with sudo privileges.
Installing Zsh (Z Shell)
The ZSH (Z Shell) packages are available under default debian repositories. To install Zsh on Ubuntu or Debian, you can use the apt package manager. Open a terminal and enter the following command:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install zsh
This will install Zsh and all of its dependencies.
Changing the Default Shell
To use Zsh as your default shell, you need to change the SHELL variable in the `/etc/passwd` file.
To do this, run the following command:
sudo chsh -s $(which zsh) $(whoami)
This will change the SHELL variable for your current user to the path of the Zsh executable.
Configuring Zsh
When you start Zsh for the first time, it will create a default configuration file at `~/.zshrc`. This file contains settings and options that control how Zsh behaves.
You can edit this file to customize your Zsh environment. Some common options to consider include:
- ZSH_THEME: sets the appearance of the prompt. You can find a list of available themes here.
- alias: defines short aliases for commonly used commands. For example, you can define alias
`ll='ls -l'`to use`ll`as a shortcut for`ls -l`. - export: sets environment variables that affect the behavior of Zsh and other programs.
To apply changes to your ~/.zshrc file, you need to either log out and log back in, or run the following command:
source ~/.zshrc
Installing Oh My Zsh
Oh My Zsh is a popular framework for managing and customizing Zsh. It offers a large number of plugins and themes, making it easy to customize and extend Zsh.
To install Oh My Zsh, run the following command:
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
This will download and run the Oh My Zsh installation script, which will set up Oh My Zsh and create a default configuration file at `~/.oh-my-zsh/`.
To enable Oh My Zsh plugins and themes, you need to edit the `~/.zshrc` file and set the ZSH_THEME and plugin variables. For example:
1 2 3 | ZSH_THEME="agnoster" plugins=(git docker) |
This will set the `agnoster` theme and enable the git and docker plugins.
Conclusion
In this article, we learned how to install and configure Zsh Shell in Ubuntu and Debian systems. Which have multiple extra features than the Bash shell.
