MySQL is the popular relational database management system used for storing structured data in table formats. It is open source database server uses SQL (Structured Query Language) statements for to interact with. The MySQL is freely available under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
This tutorial will help you to install MySQL 8 on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Focal Linux systems.
Prerequisites
You must have a running Ubuntu 20.04 LTS system with sudo privileged account access. Next, login to your system and open a terminal.
ssh [email protected]
Run below commands to upgrade the current packages to the latest version.
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
Step 1 – Enable MySQL PPA
MySQL team provides official MySQL PPA for Ubuntu operating systems. You can download and install the package on your Ubuntu 18.04 system, which will add PPA file to your system. Run below command to enable PPA.
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-apt-config_0.8.10-1_all.debsudo dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.10-1_all.deb
The installer will prompt you to set default repository for the MySQL version. Make sure the MySQL-8 is set in currently selected. You can change this by navigating to line and press enter.
Once the properly version is selected move curser to last row “Ok” using keyboard up/down keys. Press enter to continue process.
In case you select wrong version. Execute dpkg-reconfigure mysql-apt-config command after package installation to get this window again.
Step 2 – Installing MySQL 8 on Ubuntu
Your system is ready for the MySQL installation. Follow the below commands to install MySQL 8 on a Ubuntu 20.04 Linux system.
- Add GPG Key – Run the following commands to install MySQL on Ubuntu 18.04 system.
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 8C718D3B5072E1F5 - Update cache – Execute below command to update apt cache on your system.
sudo apt update - Install MySQL – finally install the MySQL server packages.
sudo apt install mysql-server
The installation process will prompt for the root password to set as default. Input a secure password and same to confirm password window. This will be MySQL root user password required to log in to MySQL server.
Step 3 – Secure MySQL Installation
Execute the below command on your system to make security changes on your Database server. This will prompt some questions. The do the high security provide all answers to yes.
sudo mysql_secure_installation
Here you can enable/disable validate password plugin, Set required strength for passwords, remove anonymous users, disallow root login remotely, Remove test database and access to it and reload the reload privileges after applied changes.
See the below output and action taken by me:
Securing the MySQL server deployment. Enter password for user root: VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords and improve security. It checks the strength of password and allows the users to set only those passwords which are secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin? Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y There are three levels of password validation policy: LOW Length >= 8 MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary file Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 2 Using existing password for root. Estimated strength of the password: 50 Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y New password: **************** Re-enter new password: **************** Estimated strength of the password: 100 Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y - Dropping test database... Success. - Removing privileges on test database... Success. Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. All done!
Step 4 – Connect to MySQL
The MySQL server has been installed on your system. Now connect to the MySQL database using the command line. Use root account password set in above step.
mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.23 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
Conclusion
After completing this tutorial, You have installed MySQL 8 on Ubuntu 20.04 Linux system. Even you can access the MySQL from terminal, you can also install phpMyAdmin to work with it.
The production users recommended to schedule database backup on a regular interval. This script will help you to schedule MySQL database backup and copy them to remote locations.