1. Introduction
Mount is to access a filesystem in Linux. You can mount a filesystem on any directory and access content by entering to that directory. In Linux terms, these directories are called mount points. This tutorial will help you to mount and unmount filesystem in Linux system.
2. Use mount Command
Mostly, each Linux/Unix operating systems provides mount command. This command is used to mounting any file system on any directory. After that you can access the filesystem content.
Syntax:
$ mount [-t fstype] filesystem mountpoint
For example, you have added a disk /dev/sdb on on your system. Now you want to mount this on /data directory. Use following command to mount it.
# mount /dev/sdb /data
Mount command automatically detects the file system on disk. But in some cases, you need specify the file system type with command.
$ mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb /data
3. Unmount Filesystem
Use umount command to unmount any mounted filesystem on your system. Run umount command with disk name or mount point name to unmount currently mounted disk.
$ umount /dev/sdb $ umount /data
4. Mount Disk on System Boot
You also required to mount disk on system boot. So that partitions will be available on system boot. /etc/fstab file is used to mount disks. You need to edit /etc/fstab and make new entry to mount the partitions automatically.
Edit /etc/fstab and append below line at end of file. Change /dev/sdb with your disk name.
/dev/sdb /data ext4 defaults 0 0
Now run mount -a command to immediate mount all disk defined in /etc/fstab file.
$ mount -a
4 Comments
Good point!
Can I retrieve deleted folder with this process.
I have a dedicated server provided to me by 1and1. I started migrating websites to the server only to realise that I am running out of disk space. I had to clear my backups in order to continue migrating my sites. I thought this to be weird as the server comes with 4T of disk space.
On accessing the system via ssh. I see the following setup by 1and1:
#vgdisplay
— Volume group —
VG Name vg00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 8
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 3
Open LV 3
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <54.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 13823
Alloc PE / Size 11520 / 45.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 2303 / <9.00 GiB
VG UUID CmLv2a-xKAn-cFQQ-K4TU-f5y2-UK8K-Uv1PO9
— Volume group —
VG Name hdd
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <3.58 TiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 938308
Alloc PE / Size 1024 / 4.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 937284 / <3.58 TiB
VG UUID Pv2xfH-zkE1-hgH0-dOzZ-FgKp-IobS-5C2zea
Also #pvscan reveals this:
PV /dev/sda3 VG vg00 lvm2 [<54.00 GiB / <9.00 GiB free]
PV /dev/sdb1 VG hdd lvm2 [<3.58 TiB / <3.58 TiB free]
Can someone please let me know the best process for getting this unused free space in to the root volume group? I have searched and seen so many different answers. As I have already started migrating a number of websites. I cannot afford to break the server, otherwise I would have a fiddle, break, and learn as I usually do.
Just a thought failed to mention this is Hardware Raid 5
Update to question below:
#pvdisplay
— Physical volume —
PV Name /dev/sda3
VG Name vg00
PV Size <54.00 GiB / not usable 2.81 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 13823
Free PE 767
Allocated PE 13056
PV UUID 6J06IE-52et-s8aV-bXk0-alud-0N1v-NEwHHr
— Physical volume —
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name hdd
PV Size <3.58 TiB / not usable <3.78 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 938308
Free PE 937284
Allocated PE 1024
PV UUID bGlBQQ-gnmF-gOav-VTfj-np5R-sAKs-YNxemq
I would like to reduce the physical volume in /dev/sdb1 by 2 or 3TB and increase /dev/sda3 by the same amount. Can this be done? If so what process would I need to follow?
If not I noticed mentioned in the replies "Migrating the websites to hdd" What process would I have to follow and what are the implications of doing this?
Logical Volumes:
— Logical volume —
LV Path /dev/vg00/usr
LV Name usr
VG Name vg00
LV UUID sRvgQ3-W80K-AJQD-lZid-fqF3-1KTY-JH2Ul0
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time ,
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 15.00 GiB
Current LE 3840
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
– currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
— Logical volume —
LV Path /dev/vg00/var
LV Name var
VG Name vg00
LV UUID xWSCRG-vBPH-JLha-yJ8X-3zMP-WgRG-AOoJqO
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time ,
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 31.00 GiB
Current LE 7936
Segments 3
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
– currently set to 8192
Block device 253:1
— Logical volume —
LV Path /dev/vg00/home
LV Name home
VG Name vg00
LV UUID 2foQrE-Wy3C-Ig1Z-zIDy-tTFQ-YyO5-ayHBZl
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time ,
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 5.00 GiB
Current LE 1280
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
– currently set to 8192
Block device 253:2
— Logical volume —
LV Path /dev/hdd/data
LV Name data
VG Name hdd
LV UUID GwJgTL-LC8r-jn0a-yQ5H-mTX3-dARL-Xz0eOU
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time ,
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 4.00 GiB
Current LE 1024
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
– currently set to 8192
Block device 253:3
I increased the LV on /dev/vg00/var by 100% (This is where the websites are stored). but this will quickly be used up once I continue to migrate more sites over!
This may also help. This is from running the mount command I have removed additional lines:
/dev/sda1 on / type ext3 (rw,noatime,data=ordered)
/dev/mapper/vg00-usr on /usr type ext4 (rw,noatime,data=ordered)
/dev/mapper/hdd-data on /data type ext4 (rw,noatime,quota,usrquota,data=ordered)
/dev/mapper/vg00-home on /home type ext4 (rw,noatime,quota,usrquota,data=ordered)
/dev/mapper/vg00-var on /var type ext4 (rw,noatime,quota,usrquota,data=ordered)
Thank you for your responses much appreciated!
which one of the following system that you cannot mount with the mount command ???
a) iso9660 b)swap c)FAT d)root e)VFAT