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    You are at:Home»Filesystem»How to Mount and Unmount Filesystem in Linux

    How to Mount and Unmount Filesystem in Linux

    By RahulMarch 1, 20172 Mins Read

    1. Introduction

    Mount is to access a filesystem in Linux. You can mount a filesystem on any directory and access content by entering to that directory. In Linux terms, these directories are called mount points. This tutorial will help you to mount and unmount filesystem in Linux system.

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    2. Use mount Command

    Mostly, each Linux/Unix operating systems provides mount command. This command is used to mounting any file system on any directory. After that you can access the filesystem content.

    Syntax:

    $ mount [-t fstype] filesystem mountpoint
    

    For example, you have added a disk /dev/sdb on on your system. Now you want to mount this on /data directory. Use following command to mount it.

    # mount /dev/sdb /data
    

    Mount command automatically detects the file system on disk. But in some cases, you need specify the file system type with command.

    $ mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb /data
    

    3. Unmount Filesystem

    Use umount command to unmount any mounted filesystem on your system. Run umount command with disk name or mount point name to unmount currently mounted disk.

    $ umount /dev/sdb
    
    $ umount /data
    

    4. Mount Disk on System Boot

    You also required to mount disk on system boot. So that partitions will be available on system boot. /etc/fstab file is used to mount disks. You need to edit /etc/fstab and make new entry to mount the partitions automatically.

    Edit /etc/fstab and append below line at end of file. Change /dev/sdb with your disk name.

    /dev/sdb  /data              ext4    defaults        0 0
    

    Now run mount -a command to immediate mount all disk defined in /etc/fstab file.

    $ mount -a
    

    disk filesystem mount umount unmount
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    View 4 Comments

    4 Comments

    1. Tony on June 26, 2020 7:00 pm

      Good point!

      Reply
    2. Sandip Mukherjee on August 2, 2019 9:28 am

      Can I retrieve deleted folder with this process.

      Reply
    3. Byron on July 9, 2018 7:26 pm

      I have a dedicated server provided to me by 1and1. I started migrating websites to the server only to realise that I am running out of disk space. I had to clear my backups in order to continue migrating my sites. I thought this to be weird as the server comes with 4T of disk space.

      On accessing the system via ssh. I see the following setup by 1and1:

      #vgdisplay

      — Volume group —
      VG Name vg00
      System ID
      Format lvm2
      Metadata Areas 1
      Metadata Sequence No 8
      VG Access read/write
      VG Status resizable
      MAX LV 0
      Cur LV 3
      Open LV 3
      Max PV 0
      Cur PV 1
      Act PV 1
      VG Size <54.00 GiB
      PE Size 4.00 MiB
      Total PE 13823
      Alloc PE / Size 11520 / 45.00 GiB
      Free PE / Size 2303 / <9.00 GiB
      VG UUID CmLv2a-xKAn-cFQQ-K4TU-f5y2-UK8K-Uv1PO9

      — Volume group —
      VG Name hdd
      System ID
      Format lvm2
      Metadata Areas 1
      Metadata Sequence No 2
      VG Access read/write
      VG Status resizable
      MAX LV 0
      Cur LV 1
      Open LV 1
      Max PV 0
      Cur PV 1
      Act PV 1
      VG Size <3.58 TiB
      PE Size 4.00 MiB
      Total PE 938308
      Alloc PE / Size 1024 / 4.00 GiB
      Free PE / Size 937284 / <3.58 TiB
      VG UUID Pv2xfH-zkE1-hgH0-dOzZ-FgKp-IobS-5C2zea

      Also #pvscan reveals this:
      PV /dev/sda3 VG vg00 lvm2 [<54.00 GiB / <9.00 GiB free]
      PV /dev/sdb1 VG hdd lvm2 [<3.58 TiB / <3.58 TiB free]

      Can someone please let me know the best process for getting this unused free space in to the root volume group? I have searched and seen so many different answers. As I have already started migrating a number of websites. I cannot afford to break the server, otherwise I would have a fiddle, break, and learn as I usually do.

      Just a thought failed to mention this is Hardware Raid 5

      Update to question below:

      #pvdisplay
      — Physical volume —
      PV Name /dev/sda3
      VG Name vg00
      PV Size <54.00 GiB / not usable 2.81 MiB
      Allocatable yes
      PE Size 4.00 MiB
      Total PE 13823
      Free PE 767
      Allocated PE 13056
      PV UUID 6J06IE-52et-s8aV-bXk0-alud-0N1v-NEwHHr

      — Physical volume —
      PV Name /dev/sdb1
      VG Name hdd
      PV Size <3.58 TiB / not usable <3.78 MiB
      Allocatable yes
      PE Size 4.00 MiB
      Total PE 938308
      Free PE 937284
      Allocated PE 1024
      PV UUID bGlBQQ-gnmF-gOav-VTfj-np5R-sAKs-YNxemq

      I would like to reduce the physical volume in /dev/sdb1 by 2 or 3TB and increase /dev/sda3 by the same amount. Can this be done? If so what process would I need to follow?

      If not I noticed mentioned in the replies "Migrating the websites to hdd" What process would I have to follow and what are the implications of doing this?

      Logical Volumes:

      — Logical volume —
      LV Path /dev/vg00/usr
      LV Name usr
      VG Name vg00
      LV UUID sRvgQ3-W80K-AJQD-lZid-fqF3-1KTY-JH2Ul0
      LV Write Access read/write
      LV Creation host, time ,
      LV Status available
      # open 1
      LV Size 15.00 GiB
      Current LE 3840
      Segments 2
      Allocation inherit
      Read ahead sectors auto
      – currently set to 8192
      Block device 253:0

      — Logical volume —
      LV Path /dev/vg00/var
      LV Name var
      VG Name vg00
      LV UUID xWSCRG-vBPH-JLha-yJ8X-3zMP-WgRG-AOoJqO
      LV Write Access read/write
      LV Creation host, time ,
      LV Status available
      # open 1
      LV Size 31.00 GiB
      Current LE 7936
      Segments 3
      Allocation inherit
      Read ahead sectors auto
      – currently set to 8192
      Block device 253:1

      — Logical volume —
      LV Path /dev/vg00/home
      LV Name home
      VG Name vg00
      LV UUID 2foQrE-Wy3C-Ig1Z-zIDy-tTFQ-YyO5-ayHBZl
      LV Write Access read/write
      LV Creation host, time ,
      LV Status available
      # open 1
      LV Size 5.00 GiB
      Current LE 1280
      Segments 1
      Allocation inherit
      Read ahead sectors auto
      – currently set to 8192
      Block device 253:2

      — Logical volume —
      LV Path /dev/hdd/data
      LV Name data
      VG Name hdd
      LV UUID GwJgTL-LC8r-jn0a-yQ5H-mTX3-dARL-Xz0eOU
      LV Write Access read/write
      LV Creation host, time ,
      LV Status available
      # open 1
      LV Size 4.00 GiB
      Current LE 1024
      Segments 1
      Allocation inherit
      Read ahead sectors auto
      – currently set to 8192
      Block device 253:3

      I increased the LV on /dev/vg00/var by 100% (This is where the websites are stored). but this will quickly be used up once I continue to migrate more sites over!

      This may also help. This is from running the mount command I have removed additional lines:

      /dev/sda1 on / type ext3 (rw,noatime,data=ordered)
      /dev/mapper/vg00-usr on /usr type ext4 (rw,noatime,data=ordered)
      /dev/mapper/hdd-data on /data type ext4 (rw,noatime,quota,usrquota,data=ordered)
      /dev/mapper/vg00-home on /home type ext4 (rw,noatime,quota,usrquota,data=ordered)
      /dev/mapper/vg00-var on /var type ext4 (rw,noatime,quota,usrquota,data=ordered)

      Thank you for your responses much appreciated!

      Reply
      • ASMA on August 24, 2018 4:40 am

        which one of the following system that you cannot mount with the mount command ???
        a) iso9660 b)swap c)FAT d)root e)VFAT

        Reply

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