Tor is free software web proxy enabled browser. Tor browser helps us to defend against traffic analysis, a form of network surveillance that threatens personal freedom and privacy, confidential business activities and relationships, and state security
This article will help you to install Tor browser in your CentOS/RHEL and Fedora systems.
Step 1: Add Tor Repository
Firstly we need to add tor yum repository in our system. To create tor repository create file /etc/yum.repos.d/tor.repo and add following content on basis of your system.
For CentOS/RHEL 6
[Tor] name=Tor Project Repo baseurl=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/el/6/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=1 gpgkey=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/RPM-GPG-KEY-torproject.org.asc
For Fedora 19
[Tor] name=Tor Project Repo baseurl=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/fc/19/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=1 gpgkey=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/RPM-GPG-KEY-torproject.org.asc
For Fedora 20
[Tor] name=Tor Project Repo baseurl=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/fc/20/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=1 gpgkey=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/RPM-GPG-KEY-torproject.org.asc
Step 2: Install Tor Browser
To install tor browser run the following command from command line.
# yum install tor
Step 3: Start Tor Browser
To start tor browser in your system, use following command from non root account. Before starting tor make sure you system time is correct.
$ tor
Hello, please guide me that what I have to do exactly in step one?
And please create a tutorial for how to install Tor Service (Not Tor browser) in Fedora. thanks.
NOTE: My English is not good. sorry.
I also encountered same issue as @PAUL MCPHOY
Thanks fot this tutorial Rahul. I followed all 3 steps with success but I dont see the tor browser opening, it just shows success in the terminal where I ran tor. I’m uing a 64 bit machine . i don’t if that’s the reason . here
here is the output when i type tor at the terminal:
[[email protected] ~]$ if eth0
> ^C
[[email protected] ~]$ ifconfig
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:480 (480.0 b) TX bytes:480 (480.0 b)
[[email protected] ~]$ ifup eth0
Users cannot control this device.
[[email protected] ~]$ sudo ifup eth0
[sudo] password for mac5:
mac5 is not in the sudoers file. This incident will be reported.
[[email protected] ~]$ sudo -i
[sudo] password for mac5:
mac5 is not in the sudoers file. This incident will be reported.
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/mac5
[[email protected] ~]$ su
Password:
[[email protected] mac5]# ifup eth0
Determining IP information for eth0… done.
[[email protected] mac5]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr D0:27:88:06:6A:E4
inet addr:192.168.0.107 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::d227:88ff:fe06:6ae4/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:31 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:48 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:3830 (3.7 KiB) TX bytes:6673 (6.5 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:1800 (1.7 KiB) TX bytes:1800 (1.7 KiB)
[[email protected] mac5]# rpm -q vnc-server
package vnc-server is not installed
[[email protected] mac5]# yum install vnc-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/metalink | 26 kB 00:00
* base: centos.hyve.com
* epel: epel.check-update.co.uk
* extras: centos.hyve.com
* updates: centos.hyve.com
Tor | 2.9 kB 00:00
adobe-linux-x86_64 | 951 B 00:00
base | 3.7 kB 00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package tigervnc-server-module.x86_64 0:1.1.0-8.el6_5 will be installed
–> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
tigervnc-server-module x86_64 1.1.0-8.el6_5 updates 291 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 291 k
Installed size: 827 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
tigervnc-server-module-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | 291 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : tigervnc-server-module-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : tigervnc-server-module-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
tigervnc-server-module.x86_64 0:1.1.0-8.el6_5
Complete!
[[email protected] mac5]# rpm -q vnc
package vnc is not installed
[[email protected] mac5]# yum install vnc
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: centos.hyve.com
* epel: epel.check-update.co.uk
* extras: centos.hyve.com
* updates: centos.hyve.com
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package tigervnc.x86_64 0:1.1.0-8.el6_5 will be installed
–> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
tigervnc x86_64 1.1.0-8.el6_5 updates 258 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 258 k
Installed size: 644 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
tigervnc-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | 258 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : tigervnc-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : tigervnc-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
tigervnc.x86_64 0:1.1.0-8.el6_5
Complete!
[[email protected] mac5]# yum groupinstall Desktop
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: centos.hyve.com
* epel: mirror.vorboss.net
* extras: centos.hyve.com
* updates: centos.hyve.com
Setting up Group Process
Checking for new repos for mirrors
epel/group_gz | 237 kB 00:00
Package nautilus-2.28.4-19.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:control-center-2.28.1-39.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gvfs-smb-1.4.3-16.el6_5.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package xdg-user-dirs-gtk-0.8-7.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gnome-power-manager-2.28.3-7.el6_4.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package alsa-plugins-pulseaudio-1.0.21-3.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package at-spi-1.28.1-2.el6.centos.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:gdm-2.30.4-52.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package notification-daemon-0.5.0-1.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:NetworkManager-0.8.1-66.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:NetworkManager-gnome-0.8.1-66.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package polkit-gnome-0.96-3.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gnome-session-2.28.0-18.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gnome-terminal-2.31.3-8.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gnome-panel-2.30.2-15.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gvfs-fuse-1.4.3-16.el6_5.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package metacity-2.28.0-23.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gnome-screensaver-2.28.3-28.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package yelp-2.28.1-17.el6_3.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:dbus-1.2.24-7.el6_3.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gvfs-archive-1.4.3-16.el6_5.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:gdm-user-switch-applet-2.30.4-52.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:control-center-extra-2.28.1-39.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package eog-2.28.2-4.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gnome-packagekit-2.28.3-7.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gok-2.28.1-5.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gnome-media-2.29.91-6.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gnome-vfs2-smb-2.24.2-6.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package openssh-askpass-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package pulseaudio-module-x11-0.9.21-14.el6_3.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package pulseaudio-module-gconf-0.9.21-14.el6_3.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:gnome-applets-2.28.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package orca-2.28.2-1.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package vino-2.28.1-9.el6_4.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:gdm-plugin-fingerprint-2.30.4-52.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Warning: Group basic-desktop does not have any packages.
No packages in any requested group available to install or update
[[email protected] mac5]# useradd Larry
[[email protected] mac5]# useradd moe
[[email protected] mac5]# useradd curly
[[email protected] mac5]# passwd larry
passwd: Unknown user name ‘larry’.
[[email protected] mac5]# useradd larry
[[email protected] mac5]# passwd larry
Changing password for user larry.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is too short
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
Sorry, passwords do not match.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[[email protected] mac5]# passwd moe
Changing password for user moe.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[[email protected] mac5]# passwd curly
Changing password for user curly.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[[email protected] mac5]# nano /etc/sysconfig/vncservers,
[[email protected] mac5]# nano /etc/sysconfig/vncservers
[[email protected] mac5]# ls /etc/sysconfig/
atd init network rsyslog
auditd ip6tables networking samba
authconfig ip6tables-config network-scripts sandbox
autofs ip6tables.old nfs saslauthd
cbq iptables nspluginwrapper selinux
cgconfig iptables-config ntpd smartmontools
cgred.conf iptables.old ntpdate sshd
clock irqbalance openct sysstat
console kdump prelink sysstat.ioconf
cpuspeed kernel quota_nld system-config-firewall
crond keyboard raid-check system-config-firewall.old
firstboot mcelogd readahead system-config-users
grub modules readonly-root udev
i18n netconsole rngd wpa_supplicant
[[email protected] mac5]# nano /etc/sysconfig/vncservers
[[email protected] mac5]# su larry
[[email protected] mac5]$ vnc passwd
bash: vnc: command not found
[[email protected] mac5]$ vncpasswd
bash: vncpasswd: command not found
[[email protected] mac5]$ logout
bash: logout: not login shell: use `exit’
[[email protected] mac5]$ exit
exit
[[email protected] mac5]#
[[email protected] mac5]# su – larry
[[email protected] ~]$ vncpasswd
-bash: vncpasswd: command not found
[[email protected] ~]$ tor
Jul 15 16:39:24.732 [notice] Tor v0.2.4.22 (git-2ee56e4c2c841a45) running on Linux with Libevent 1.4.13-stable and OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips.
Jul 15 16:39:24.734 [notice] Tor can’t help you if you use it wrong! Learn how to be safe at https://www.torproject.org/download/download#warning
Jul 15 16:39:24.752 [notice] Read configuration file “/etc/tor/torrc”.
Jul 15 16:39:24.756 [notice] Opening Socks listener on 127.0.0.1:9050
Jul 15 16:39:24.000 [notice] Parsing GEOIP IPv4 file /usr/share/tor/geoip.
Jul 15 16:39:24.000 [notice] Parsing GEOIP IPv6 file /usr/share/tor/geoip6.
Jul 15 16:39:24.000 [notice] We were built to run on a 64-bit CPU, with OpenSSL 1.0.1 or later, but with a version of OpenSSL that apparently lacks accelerated support for the NIST P-224 and P-256 groups. Building openssl with such support (using the enable-ec_nistp_64_gcc_128 option when configuring it) would make ECDH much faster.
Jul 15 16:39:25.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 5%: Connecting to directory server.
Jul 15 16:39:25.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 10%: Finishing handshake with directory server.
Jul 15 16:39:26.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 15%: Establishing an encrypted directory connection.
Jul 15 16:39:26.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 20%: Asking for networkstatus consensus.
Jul 15 16:39:26.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 25%: Loading networkstatus consensus.
Jul 15 16:39:27.000 [notice] I learned some more directory information, but not enough to build a circuit: We have no usable consensus.
Jul 15 16:39:27.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 40%: Loading authority key certs.
Jul 15 16:39:27.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 45%: Asking for relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:27.000 [notice] I learned some more directory information, but not enough to build a circuit: We need more microdescriptors: we have 0/5925, and can only build 0% of likely paths. (We have 0% of guards bw, 0% of midpoint bw, and 0% of exit bw.)
Jul 15 16:39:27.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 50%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 51%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 53%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 55%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 57%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 58%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 60%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 62%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 64%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 66%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 67%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 69%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 70%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 72%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 73%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 75%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 77%: Loading relay descriptors.
Jul 15 16:39:30.000 [notice] We now have enough directory information to build circuits.
Jul 15 16:39:30.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 80%: Connecting to the Tor network.
Jul 15 16:39:30.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 90%: Establishing a Tor circuit.
Jul 15 16:39:31.000 [notice] Tor has successfully opened a circuit. Looks like client functionality is working.
Jul 15 16:39:31.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 100%: Done.