26 January 2014

Install Tor Browser in CentOS/RHEL 6 and Fedora 19/20

Written by Rahul K.

Tor is free software web proxy enabled browser. Tor browser helps us to defend against traffic analysis, a form of network surveillance that threatens personal freedom and privacy, confidential business activities and relationships, and state security

This article will help you to install Tor browser in your CentOS/RHEL and Fedora systems.

Step 1: Add Tor Repository

Firstly we need to add tor yum repository in our system. To create tor repository create file /etc/yum.repos.d/tor.repo and add following content on basis of your system.

For CentOS/RHEL 6

[Tor]
name=Tor Project Repo
baseurl=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/el/6/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/RPM-GPG-KEY-torproject.org.asc

For Fedora 19

[Tor]
name=Tor Project Repo
baseurl=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/fc/19/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/RPM-GPG-KEY-torproject.org.asc

For Fedora 20

[Tor]
name=Tor Project Repo
baseurl=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/fc/20/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/rpm/RPM-GPG-KEY-torproject.org.asc

Step 2: Install Tor Browser

To install tor browser run the following command from command line.

# yum install tor

Step 3: Start Tor Browser

To start tor browser in your system, use following command from non root account. Before starting tor make sure you system time is correct.

$ tor

Rahul K.

I, Rahul Kumar is the founder and chief editor of TecAdmin.net. I am Red Hat Certified Engineer (RHCE) and working as IT professional since 2009.

4 Comments

Sina Reply to Sina

January 20, 2017 at 12:44 pm

Hello, please guide me that what I have to do exactly in step one?
And please create a tutorial for how to install Tor Service (Not Tor browser) in Fedora. thanks.

NOTE: My English is not good. sorry.
Rajan Paneru Reply to Rajan

August 10, 2015 at 5:51 am

I also encountered same issue as @PAUL MCPHOY
Paul McPhoy Reply to Paul

July 15, 2014 at 3:38 pm

Thanks fot this tutorial Rahul. I followed all 3 steps with success but I dont see the tor browser opening, it just shows success in the terminal where I ran tor. I’m uing a 64 bit machine . i don’t if that’s the reason . here
- Paul McPhoy Reply to Paul
  
  July 15, 2014 at 3:41 pm
  
  here is the output when i type tor at the terminal:
  [[email protected] ~]$ if eth0
  > ^C
  [[email protected] ~]$ ifconfig
  lo Link encap:Local Loopback
  inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
  inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
  UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
  RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
  TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
  collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
  RX bytes:480 (480.0 b) TX bytes:480 (480.0 b)
  
  [[email protected] ~]$ ifup eth0
  Users cannot control this device.
  [[email protected] ~]$ sudo ifup eth0
  [sudo] password for mac5:
  mac5 is not in the sudoers file. This incident will be reported.
  [[email protected] ~]$ sudo -i
  [sudo] password for mac5:
  mac5 is not in the sudoers file. This incident will be reported.
  You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/mac5
  [[email protected] ~]$ su
  Password:
  [[email protected] mac5]# ifup eth0
  
  Determining IP information for eth0… done.
  [[email protected] mac5]# ifconfig
  eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr D0:27:88:06:6A:E4
  inet addr:192.168.0.107 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
  inet6 addr: fe80::d227:88ff:fe06:6ae4/64 Scope:Link
  UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
  RX packets:31 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
  TX packets:48 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
  collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
  RX bytes:3830 (3.7 KiB) TX bytes:6673 (6.5 KiB)
  
  lo Link encap:Local Loopback
  inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
  inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
  UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
  RX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
  TX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
  collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
  RX bytes:1800 (1.7 KiB) TX bytes:1800 (1.7 KiB)
  
  [[email protected] mac5]# rpm -q vnc-server
  package vnc-server is not installed
  [[email protected] mac5]# yum install vnc-server
  Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
  Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
  epel/metalink | 26 kB 00:00
  * base: centos.hyve.com
  * epel: epel.check-update.co.uk
  * extras: centos.hyve.com
  * updates: centos.hyve.com
  Tor | 2.9 kB 00:00
  adobe-linux-x86_64 | 951 B 00:00
  base | 3.7 kB 00:00
  extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
  updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
  Setting up Install Process
  Resolving Dependencies
  –> Running transaction check
  —> Package tigervnc-server-module.x86_64 0:1.1.0-8.el6_5 will be installed
  –> Finished Dependency Resolution
  
  Dependencies Resolved
  
  ================================================================================
  Package Arch Version Repository Size
  ================================================================================
  Installing:
  tigervnc-server-module x86_64 1.1.0-8.el6_5 updates 291 k
  
  Transaction Summary
  ================================================================================
  Install 1 Package(s)
  
  Total download size: 291 k
  Installed size: 827 k
  Is this ok [y/N]: y
  Downloading Packages:
  tigervnc-server-module-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | 291 kB 00:00
  Running rpm_check_debug
  Running Transaction Test
  Transaction Test Succeeded
  Running Transaction
  Installing : tigervnc-server-module-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64 1/1
  Verifying : tigervnc-server-module-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64 1/1
  
  Installed:
  tigervnc-server-module.x86_64 0:1.1.0-8.el6_5
  
  Complete!
  [[email protected] mac5]# rpm -q vnc
  package vnc is not installed
  [[email protected] mac5]# yum install vnc
  Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
  Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
  * base: centos.hyve.com
  * epel: epel.check-update.co.uk
  * extras: centos.hyve.com
  * updates: centos.hyve.com
  Setting up Install Process
  Resolving Dependencies
  –> Running transaction check
  —> Package tigervnc.x86_64 0:1.1.0-8.el6_5 will be installed
  –> Finished Dependency Resolution
  
  Dependencies Resolved
  
  ================================================================================
  Package Arch Version Repository Size
  ================================================================================
  Installing:
  tigervnc x86_64 1.1.0-8.el6_5 updates 258 k
  
  Transaction Summary
  ================================================================================
  Install 1 Package(s)
  
  Total download size: 258 k
  Installed size: 644 k
  Is this ok [y/N]: y
  Downloading Packages:
  tigervnc-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | 258 kB 00:00
  Running rpm_check_debug
  Running Transaction Test
  Transaction Test Succeeded
  Running Transaction
  Installing : tigervnc-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64 1/1
  Verifying : tigervnc-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64 1/1
  
  Installed:
  tigervnc.x86_64 0:1.1.0-8.el6_5
  
  Complete!
  [[email protected] mac5]# yum groupinstall Desktop
  Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
  Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
  * base: centos.hyve.com
  * epel: mirror.vorboss.net
  * extras: centos.hyve.com
  * updates: centos.hyve.com
  Setting up Group Process
  Checking for new repos for mirrors
  epel/group_gz | 237 kB 00:00
  Package nautilus-2.28.4-19.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package 1:control-center-2.28.1-39.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gvfs-smb-1.4.3-16.el6_5.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package xdg-user-dirs-gtk-0.8-7.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gnome-power-manager-2.28.3-7.el6_4.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package alsa-plugins-pulseaudio-1.0.21-3.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package at-spi-1.28.1-2.el6.centos.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package 1:gdm-2.30.4-52.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package notification-daemon-0.5.0-1.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package 1:NetworkManager-0.8.1-66.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package 1:NetworkManager-gnome-0.8.1-66.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package polkit-gnome-0.96-3.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gnome-session-2.28.0-18.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gnome-terminal-2.31.3-8.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gnome-panel-2.30.2-15.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gvfs-fuse-1.4.3-16.el6_5.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package metacity-2.28.0-23.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gnome-screensaver-2.28.3-28.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package yelp-2.28.1-17.el6_3.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package 1:dbus-1.2.24-7.el6_3.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gvfs-archive-1.4.3-16.el6_5.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package 1:gdm-user-switch-applet-2.30.4-52.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package 1:control-center-extra-2.28.1-39.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package eog-2.28.2-4.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gnome-packagekit-2.28.3-7.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gok-2.28.1-5.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gnome-media-2.29.91-6.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package gnome-vfs2-smb-2.24.2-6.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package openssh-askpass-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package pulseaudio-module-x11-0.9.21-14.el6_3.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package pulseaudio-module-gconf-0.9.21-14.el6_3.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package 1:gnome-applets-2.28.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package orca-2.28.2-1.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package vino-2.28.1-9.el6_4.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package 1:gdm-plugin-fingerprint-2.30.4-52.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Warning: Group basic-desktop does not have any packages.
  No packages in any requested group available to install or update
  [[email protected] mac5]# useradd Larry
  [[email protected] mac5]# useradd moe
  [[email protected] mac5]# useradd curly
  [[email protected] mac5]# passwd larry
  passwd: Unknown user name ‘larry’.
  [[email protected] mac5]# useradd larry
  [[email protected] mac5]# passwd larry
  Changing password for user larry.
  New password:
  BAD PASSWORD: it is too short
  BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
  Retype new password:
  Sorry, passwords do not match.
  New password:
  Retype new password:
  passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
  [[email protected] mac5]# passwd moe
  Changing password for user moe.
  New password:
  Retype new password:
  passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
  [[email protected] mac5]# passwd curly
  Changing password for user curly.
  New password:
  Retype new password:
  passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
  [[email protected] mac5]# nano /etc/sysconfig/vncservers,
  [[email protected] mac5]# nano /etc/sysconfig/vncservers
  [[email protected] mac5]# ls /etc/sysconfig/
  atd init network rsyslog
  auditd ip6tables networking samba
  authconfig ip6tables-config network-scripts sandbox
  autofs ip6tables.old nfs saslauthd
  cbq iptables nspluginwrapper selinux
  cgconfig iptables-config ntpd smartmontools
  cgred.conf iptables.old ntpdate sshd
  clock irqbalance openct sysstat
  console kdump prelink sysstat.ioconf
  cpuspeed kernel quota_nld system-config-firewall
  crond keyboard raid-check system-config-firewall.old
  firstboot mcelogd readahead system-config-users
  grub modules readonly-root udev
  i18n netconsole rngd wpa_supplicant
  [[email protected] mac5]# nano /etc/sysconfig/vncservers
  [[email protected] mac5]# su larry
  [[email protected] mac5]$ vnc passwd
  bash: vnc: command not found
  [[email protected] mac5]$ vncpasswd
  bash: vncpasswd: command not found
  [[email protected] mac5]$ logout
  bash: logout: not login shell: use `exit’
  [[email protected] mac5]$ exit
  exit
  [[email protected] mac5]#
  [[email protected] mac5]# su – larry
  [[email protected] ~]$ vncpasswd
  -bash: vncpasswd: command not found
  [[email protected] ~]$ tor
  Jul 15 16:39:24.732 [notice] Tor v0.2.4.22 (git-2ee56e4c2c841a45) running on Linux with Libevent 1.4.13-stable and OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips.
  Jul 15 16:39:24.734 [notice] Tor can’t help you if you use it wrong! Learn how to be safe at https://www.torproject.org/download/download#warning
  Jul 15 16:39:24.752 [notice] Read configuration file “/etc/tor/torrc”.
  Jul 15 16:39:24.756 [notice] Opening Socks listener on 127.0.0.1:9050
  Jul 15 16:39:24.000 [notice] Parsing GEOIP IPv4 file /usr/share/tor/geoip.
  Jul 15 16:39:24.000 [notice] Parsing GEOIP IPv6 file /usr/share/tor/geoip6.
  Jul 15 16:39:24.000 [notice] We were built to run on a 64-bit CPU, with OpenSSL 1.0.1 or later, but with a version of OpenSSL that apparently lacks accelerated support for the NIST P-224 and P-256 groups. Building openssl with such support (using the enable-ec_nistp_64_gcc_128 option when configuring it) would make ECDH much faster.
  Jul 15 16:39:25.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 5%: Connecting to directory server.
  Jul 15 16:39:25.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 10%: Finishing handshake with directory server.
  Jul 15 16:39:26.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 15%: Establishing an encrypted directory connection.
  Jul 15 16:39:26.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 20%: Asking for networkstatus consensus.
  Jul 15 16:39:26.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 25%: Loading networkstatus consensus.
  Jul 15 16:39:27.000 [notice] I learned some more directory information, but not enough to build a circuit: We have no usable consensus.
  Jul 15 16:39:27.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 40%: Loading authority key certs.
  Jul 15 16:39:27.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 45%: Asking for relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:27.000 [notice] I learned some more directory information, but not enough to build a circuit: We need more microdescriptors: we have 0/5925, and can only build 0% of likely paths. (We have 0% of guards bw, 0% of midpoint bw, and 0% of exit bw.)
  Jul 15 16:39:27.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 50%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 51%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 53%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 55%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 57%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 58%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 60%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 62%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 64%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 66%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 67%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 69%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 70%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 72%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 73%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 75%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:28.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 77%: Loading relay descriptors.
  Jul 15 16:39:30.000 [notice] We now have enough directory information to build circuits.
  Jul 15 16:39:30.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 80%: Connecting to the Tor network.
  Jul 15 16:39:30.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 90%: Establishing a Tor circuit.
  Jul 15 16:39:31.000 [notice] Tor has successfully opened a circuit. Looks like client functionality is working.
  Jul 15 16:39:31.000 [notice] Bootstrapped 100%: Done.

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